The WEB's Most Complete Guide to
Beseler 4x5 enlargers
Beseler enlargers have been around for three quarters of a century, and are probably the best known enlargers in the US -- if not the most popular, too! -- but getting accurate information about them, and all their differences, all in one place, has been all but impossible. While this website won't solve this problem completely, it will explain the differences between the numerous enlargers for the 4x5" film format -- but this includes smaller & larger film formats, too!
Beseler started making 4x5 enlargers shortly after WWII, and it's no surprise that they were designed for professional work. Very few civilians at the time used 4x5 film, and even fewer did their own darkroom work. So the crop of Beseler 4x5 enlargers were, and still are, designed to professional standards. And Beseler made different models to meet different professional needs, as you will see.
Over the years, Beseler made FIVE different 4x5 enlargers, based on the "chassis" of the enlarger -- that's the metal frame that connects the baseboard, on the bottom, to the light source, on the top. Beseler gave each chassis a specific designation, such as "45H".
The numerous light sources, also made by Beseler (sometimes with the help of other companies!), are largely interchangeable with these different enlarger frames. They came in a wide variety for different purposes, such as B&W or COLOR work, and each has its own designation as well, such as "Beslite" or "45SL".
Similarly, Beseler made many accessories for the 4x5 enlargers. Some, like the film carriers, are usable on all 4x5 models. Others are designed for a specific chassis or light source. Many have their own designation too, such as Resistrol (a voltage regulator) -- which appears as an "R" in the enlarger name if packaged and sold with the enlarger.
Beseler often combined these codes into the label of the enlarger for sales purposes, such as a "Beseler 45HC", which translates to a Beseler 45H chassis, with a C BesColor light source. Each different chassis when sold with different light sources and different accessories will have a different label, such as Beseler 45MCRX -- but they are all basically the same enlarger with a different configuration.
Beseler 4x5 Enlarger Chassis Comparison Table
The first table examines the various Beseler 4x5 enlarger frames, while the second table explores the various enlarger light sources. You can pretty much attach any light source to any chassis, but there are exceptions, and a few combinations require adapters or DIY modifications. In addition, some light sources from other manufacturers (ex. Omega, Arista) can be used directly on some of these enlargers, but some combinations require adapters or DIY modifications.
PLEASE NOTE: The part numbers listed below are for the Beseler 120v models only. Beseler also made 220v models which have some different part numbers, although they look and work exactly the same.
Also, the chassis heights that are listed are for the height of the frame only. The top of the film holder rises about three inches above the top of the frame. Adding a light source on top of that will add only a few inches (for heads like the Beslite or Beseler Minolta 45A), or many inches (for heads like the Bescolor, or Point Light Source).
Frame |
Model |
Summary |
Chassis |
Horizontal |
User |
|
45AF |
45AFM |
This early enlarger required a slightly different frame, but otherwise is very similar to the other Beseler 45M enlargers (below) -- except that it adds auto-focusing. You read it right, but it's different from the auto-focusing that we have today in many cameras. It's really a simple, mechanical system (used on only a couple of other enlargers) to adjust the film-to-lens distance as the film-to-baseboard distance (print size) is changed. Interchangeable cams are attached inside the chassis according to the focal length of the enlarging lens. After correctly focusing a "test" image, the print size can be changed, and the image will remain correctly focused -- you'll still need to figure out the change in the exposure, however. Another special feature of this enlarger is that it has a rotating set of contrast filters built-in -- just above the lens stage.. It's drawback was its high price. As a result, few were sold, and even fewer are seen today. While $475 might seem pretty cheap, adjusted for inflation, taxes, etc., that's around $6,000 today. |
? |
Yes |
||
45AF |
In an effort to lower the price of the 45AFM (above), Beseler offered a 45AF version without the motorized height adjustment. A hand-crank was used instead. It too was short-lived. |
? |
Yes |
|||
Frame |
Model |
Summary |
Chassis |
Horizontal |
User |
|
45M |
45M |
The 45M is the earliest, simplest, an perhaps most common, model, but it came in different configurations -- like all of Beseler's 45 enlargers -- depending on which light sources and accessories were attached when sold. This bare-bones examples shows the main identifying characteristics of the 45M: the forward leaning support struts, the placement of the baseboard under the metal supports, the horizontal strip of metal under the top of the frame, and the gray color of the frame. The forward supports limit the size of the prints that can be made on the baseboard, and the configuration of the baseboard makes printing on the floor a challenge. The 45M does offer horizontal placement of the enlarger to overcome this limitation. |
45" |
Yes |
||
45MX |
The 45MX differs from the 45M in a few ways. The biggest difference is that the support arms are now on the rear of the frame instead of the front -- which required the bottom of the frame to be extended on the back several inches. In addition, the metal "arms" on the front of the frame are also extended, and the baseboard is now more easily removed. The other noticeable difference will be the inclusion of the famous Beseler BLUE paint on the frame, light sources, and accessories -- which otherwise are the same. Some think that Beseler used the "X" designation because of the two metal supports on the rear of the frame in the shape of an "X" -- which helps prevent lateral shifting. However, the 45M model (above) has the same "X" shaped supports, and lacks the "X" designation. The "X" designation simply means that the two support struts are in the rear of the frame, instead of the front. |
45" |
Yes |
|||
45MXII |
The 45MXII is an improved version of the MX, but it offers the same main features. While the 45MX is easy to identify by the rear facing struts, the 45MXII is easy to identify by looking at the top and bottom of the frame. On the top, the 45MXII is missing the horizontal strip of metal. On the bottom, the baseboard is now on top of the metal supporting struts -- for fast, easy removal. The 45MXII also has different shaped handles, for example, and now has all BLACK paint. In addition, Beseler added several new light sources (see the light source table below) -- but all of these fit perfectly well on all of the earlier 45 enlargers too. |
45" |
Yes |
|||
45MXT |
It's the same as the 45MXII, but replaces the original tapered lens bellows with a straight bellows for use with the new rotating, turret lensboard -- which accepts up to three lenses. Depending on the lens, an adapter might be needed to attach the lens to the turret lensboard. The original 4x4" lensboards can still be used -- for one lens at a time use -- but an adapter plate is required (which is supplied with the enlarger). As with the 45MXII, all earlier and later light sources and accessories are usable. |
45" |
Yes |
|||
Frame |
Model |
Summary |
Chassis |
Horizontal |
User |
|
45H |
45H |
The 45H is basically a Beseler 45 head on a narrower Beseler 23-style frame. The "H" designation refers to Beseler's "Home" model -- or anywhere space is a concern. Using a smaller frame, and dropping the motorized elevation control reduced the price, but apparently not enough. While this model is hard to find, it accepts all the light sources and accessories of the full-sized models. |
? |
No, |
||
Frame |
Model |
Summary |
Chassis |
Horizontal |
User |
|
45V |
45V-XL |
The latest of the Beseler 4x5" enlargers, it is a complete redesign of the enlarger frame, employing a vertical (hence "V" designation) double-E-shaped, aluminum column. The advertised benefit of this vertical design is that the image is centered on the baseboard as the enlarger head elevation is changed, obviating the need for any movement of the easel -- but this assumes an image-centered easel, such as those made by Beseler. This model uses the "X" designation, but it does not refer to "rear strut support". It also lacks the "M" designation because it lacks motorized elevation control -- see below. Instead, it uses counter-balances to offset the weight of the enlarger heads, and has a hand-crank on the left side of the column. In addition, while the 45V models lack the "T" designation, they use the Turret lensboard system of the 45MXT. Make sense? As with all the other Beseler 4x5 enlargers, the heads and accessories are almost completely interchangeable. The chassis requires the use of either Baseboard (#8561) or Wall/Table Mount (#8562). |
? |
No, |
||
45V-XLM |
This motorized model of the 45V includes the Power elevation module (so the manual control handle is not installed), the Power Focus Module, and the 45V System Controller (AKA, Control Console). The Control Console #8568) provides speed adjustment and direction control for both Power Elevation Motor Module (#8567) and Power Focus Motor Module (#8569) on the 45V enlarger. Only one controller is required to operate both modules. The chassis requires the use of either Baseboard (#8561) or Wall/Table Mount |
? |
No, |
|||
Frame |
Model |
Summary |
Chassis |
Horizontal |
User |
|
CB-7 |
CB-7 |
Despite the "7" in its designation, the CB-7 is NOT a 5x7" enlarger -- although Beseler made 5x7" enlargers. The "7" in the name refers to its over-sized 7" diameter condenser elements. All the other 4x5 condensers (see light source table, below) used 6.5" wide condensers. And the "CB" in the designation simply refers to Charles Beseler. The "over-sized" condensers were advertised as having more complete and even illumination -- especially for 4x5" film -- but otherwise it operates the in same way as the smaller condensers, using an adjustable upper bellows & scale for the various film formats. The CB-7 was available is two configurarions. The basic model had motorized elevation control,
with a deluxe version adding an additional motor to provide powered focusing of the lens stage. This was not "auto-focusing",
like the 45AF models (above), but electronically controlled focusing by remotely moving the lens stage. Both the
elevation and the focusing were remotely controlled with electrical switches on the front of the baseplate. The CB-7 is also unique in that it allows film stage tilt, in addition to lens stage tilt. The original CB-7 was dropped from the enlarger line-up at some point, but re-appeared a few years later in the early 1980's, so there might be some minor differences between the older and newer models, such as the color of the paint. |
48" |
No, |
||
Frame |
Model |
Summary |
Chassis |
Horizontal |
User |
Beseler 4x5 Light Source Comparison Table
This table examines the various Beseler 4x5 enlarger light sources. You can pretty much attach
any of these to any of the Beseler 4x5 enlarger frames (above), but there are a few exceptions, and a few combinations
require adapters or DIY modifications. (Power supplies are listed for 120 A/C. They will be different for 220 A/C.)
Light Model
Summary
Bulb Power Controller
User Fluorescent
Cold Light Head AKA, "Beslite" 45 MB #4785
This was Beseler's first "cold light" light source for 4x5 enlargers -- except the
CB-7 (it's too narrow, see below). Like other cold lights, it has two electrical cords. One is for the built-in
heater that keeps the mercury in the tube warm enough for immediate illumination. It replaces the condenser assembly on the enlarger. Beseler referred to it as the "Beslite", and enlargers that were sold with it were
designated with a "B", such as "Beseler 45HB" It is marked on the top: "Cold Light Head #4553
Two standard 120v A/C outlets
Timer
Cold Light Head AKA #P-111
This is basically a larger Beslite (above) to fit the CB-7. It has the two power cords, and is
1/2" wider in diameter. It replaces the condenser assembly on the CB-7 enlarger. "Cold Light Head Unlike the other CB-7 light sources (see below), this head will not fit on any other 4x5 enlargers
because it is too wide to fit in the condenser socket.
?
Two standard 120v A/C outlets
Timer
810
Beseler used a fluorescent light source in its 4x5 to 8x10 converter -- the Beseler 810 (#8350).
This behemoth sits on top of any Beseler 4x5 enlarger and allows the enlargement of film up to 8x10" in size.
Despite its size, it's not very heavy because it's mostly air. Like the other cold lights, it has two power cords.
It pumps out 250 watts of light, and you can actually leave the regular condenser inside -- if you like the effect.
2 Inner Coated lamps (#10-52720) and 2 Outer Coated lamps (#625-30-40)
120v A/C
Timer
Light Model
Summary
Bulb Power Controller
User Incandescent
45 AKA #4508
Beseler referred to this as the "Standard Condenser Assembly", but most enlargers were
equipped with a "color" condenser assembly which was the same thing but with a drawer for color CC filters
-- see below. It incorporates a flat sheet of heat-absorbing glass on the top of the condensers (#8077). It has a standard light bulb socket, and uses a 211 bulb (75w) or 212 (150w) bulb It fits on any 4x5 enlarger -- but it's too small for the CB-7.
211 bulb (75w) or 212 (150w) bulb
120v A/C
Timer
Bescolor AKA #4760
It's the same as the "Standard Condenser Assembly", but with a drawer in the front
to allow CC filters to be slid into the middle of the condenser assembly -- between the two elements -- hence the
name "Bescolor". The exterior color of the Bescolor varied (similar to the enlarger frame), as well as the inscription
on the drawer flap, but they all work the same. A thin metal filter holder (#8155 or #10-04775) holds a thin sheet of glass or Plexiglas (#B.S.1.6-19
or #680-86-04) on which the filter is placed. If left in place, this filter holder should be periodically checked
for dust. It fits on any 4x5 enlarger -- but it's too small for the CB-7.
211 bulb (75w) or 212 (150w) bulb
120v A/C
Timer
45MX AKA #8121
The 45MXII condenser assembly is the same as the Bescolor (above) except for the cosmetics --
black paint, etc. The front flap can vary, with some marked with three colored bands and "45MX" on the
front, or it might be simply "45 Condenser Lightsource" in black & white, etc., but they otherwise
are the same. It fits on any 4x5 enlarger -- but it's too small for the CB-7.
211 bulb (75w) or 212 (150w) bulb
120v A/C
Timer
Beseler-Agfa Agfa produced early colorheads for several different enlarger makers, and they teamed up with
Beseler for a model fit for the Beseler 45 enlargers. Large and heavy, it requires the condenser in the enlarger
(you read that right!), and a single 250w projection bulb. It has separate channels with illuminated dials for
M-C-Y from 0 - 199. It wasn't cheap at the time, and now it's impossible to find.
250w projection bulb
120v A/C
C/Y/M Dials on head Timer
CB-7 #8255
The condenser head for the CB-7 is almost the same as the Bescolor condenser head (above), except
that it is wider at the bottom, and slightly taller. It uses the same light bulbs, but the distance between the
bulb and the condenser can be varied by loosening a bolt on the top of the lamp house, and sliding the light socket
up or down for more even illumination.
211 bulb (75w) or 212 (150w) bulb
Timer
Light Model
Summary
Bulb Power Controller
User LED
45SL #8278L #82782
The latest 45 enlarger light source from Beseler is the LED-based 45SL. It's basically
a 45S with LED light -- so 45SL. Despite the different light source, it's larger than the other color heads --
but operates similarly with three color dials and illuminated readouts. And like all of the color heads, it has
its own stabilized power supply built-in, and accessories -- but it fits on any 4x5 enlarger. The LED light source connects to a Power Switch through a long five-pin cable. The Switch has
three settings -- OFF, B&W, or COLOR. It also includes a dimmer dial, from OFF to BRIGHT for the LED C/Y/M
scales on the housing. A separate power supply is not needed or used. The line voltage is stabilized inside the
head.
Three lamps & LED array
120v A/C
C/Y/M Dials on head Timer
Light Model
Summary
Bulb Power Controller
User Halogen
Point Light The Beseler Point Light Source was designed with the CB-7 in mind, and like the Beseler-Agfa
Colorhead (above), it requires the use of the condenser -- after the standard lamp house is removed. Unlike the other condenser heads, the Point Light Source uses a much smaller, yet powerfut, halogen
bulb -- FCS 24v 150w push-in type. The Point Light Source is also provided with a 120v to 24v transformer/power
supply. The top of the Point Light Source is adjustable in its height, and the bulb location is adjustable
on the top -- sideways and back & forth. These movement allow for achieving even illumination on the baseboard
-- to avoid "hot spots" on the print. It can be used on any other Beseler 4x5 enlarger -- with their smaller condenser, of course.
All that is needed are three 1/4" thick rubber gaskets to fit over the three 1/4" locking bolts. These
were supplied with the Point Light Source, but as easy to replace with similar-sized household faucet gaskets. A rheostat/dimmer is a good idea with a point light source -- especially while focusing -- because
it can "bake" the film faster than you might expect. The lens must be used wide open, so exposures will
be short (without a rheosstat).
FCS 24v 150w push-in type
120 to 24v (6 amp) transformer
timer
Light Model
Summary
Bulb Power Controller
User Quartz
Dichro DG
This was Beseler's replacement for the earlier Beseler-Agfa Colorhead, and was completely different
-- thanks to its new Quartz-based illumination. It required a external fan -- connected through a long, flexible
tube (to eliminate vibration) -- to cool the TWIN 200w Quaartz lamps during composing, focusing, and exposing. To mount on the CB-7 requires the Dichro 45 Custom Mounting Kit (#8277)
120 A/C to 24v transformer
C/Y/M Dials on head Timer
Dichro 45S #8278
The original Dichro DG eventually had TWO offspring -- the Dichro 45 & 45S. The 45S was basically
the the DG with the fan internalized. It also sprouted new accessories, such as intechangeable diffusion chambers
(to increase the light on smaller formats), and the ability to add in the condenser, a la the Beseler-Agfa Colorhead. To mount on the CB-7 requires the Dichro 45 Custom Mounting Kit (#8277)
EVW 250w 82v #8108
120v A/C C/Y/M Dials on head Timer
Dichro 45 #8288
A step up from the 45S, the Dichro 45 adds a built-in computer color analyzer. Some are labelled
"Color Computer" on the front, others "Computerized Colorhead". To mount on the CB-7 requires the Dichro 45 Custom Mounting Kit (#8277)
EVW 250w 82v #8108
120v A/C C/Y/M Dials on head Timer
Universal 45
It's a Variable Contrast head! It's a Color head!! NO -- it's the Beseler Universal 45 head!!! Looking kinda, sorta like its predecessors, the Dichro 45 & 45S, the Universal 45 has no
dials, switches or lights on the head. But instead of having an integral power supply in the head, it connects
to a power supply on the baseboard (which also has no dials, switches or lights) but simply connects either the
COLOR or VC computerized controller (one at a time) to the head. To mount on the CB-7 requires the Dichro 45 Custom Mounting Kit (#8277)
EVW 250w 82v #8108
120v A/C to 82v D/C
Light Model
Summary
Bulb Power Controller
User Xenon
Beseler-Minolta The first of its kind color enlarger head using additive colors (R,B,G) instead of subtractive
colors (C,M,Y) -- but that's not all!!! It uses SIX electronic flash tubes -- instead of bulbs. It comes with a baseboard computer controller, and easel probe. Best of all, it's incredibly
compact!!! To mount on the CB-7 requires the Dichro 45 Custom Mounting Kit (#8277)
Light Model
Summary
Bulb Power Controller
User
Source Type
Type / Code
Supply
Manual
Model 45 MB"
.
It is marked on the front:
Cat. No. P-III"
Source Type
Type
Supply
Manual
#10-04760
Colorhead
120v A/C
Source Type
Type
Supply
Manual
Source Type
Type
Supply
Manual
Source
#P-112
Source Type
Type
Supply
Manual
Two 200w 24v
Integral
transformer
Integral
transformer
"black box"
transformer
Source Type
Type
Supply
Manual
45A
SIX Xenon tubes:
2-RED (#8125)
2-GREEN (#8125)
1-BLUE (#8125)
1-EXPOSURE (#8126)
120v A/C
Source Type
Type
Supply
Manual